Step-by-step guide to changing a flat tire on a bike

Here's a step-by-step guide to changing a tube on a road bike:

Tools & Materials Needed:
• New inner tube (make sure it’s the right size)
• Tire levers (at least 2)
• Bicycle pump (preferably with a pressure gauge) or CO2 Cartriges with adapter
• Optional: patch kit (if you're repairing instead of replacing)

Step-by-Step Instructions:
1. Shift into the smallest gear on the rear derailleur — this makes removing the wheel easier.

2. Release the brakes (if needed) some rim brakes may need to be opened to allow the tire to clear.

3. Remove the wheel
o Rear wheel: Lift the chain off the cassette.
o Front wheel: Just undo the quick release or thru-axle.

4. Deflate the tire completely
o Even if it’s already flat, press the valve to release any remaining air.

5. Use tire levers to unseat one side of the tire
o Hook one lever under the bead of the tire and clip it to a spoke.
o Use the second lever to slide along the rim and fully unseat one side.

6. Remove the inner tube
o Pull it out carefully, starting from the side opposite the valve.
o Push the valve through the rim and pull the rest of the tube out.

7. Check the tire and rim for debris
o Run your fingers carefully inside the tire to find any thorns or glass.
o Also check the rim strip for damage.

8. Install the new tube
o Inflate it slightly so it holds shape.
o Insert the valve into the rim, then tuck the tube into the tire.

9. Re-seat the tire bead
o Start opposite the valve and work your way around.
o Be careful not to pinch the tube.
o The last bit may be tight—use your thumbs or levers carefully.

10. Check that the tube isn’t pinched
o Push the tire side-to-side to inspect the bead all the way around.

11. Inflate the tire to recommended pressure
o Check the sidewall for PSI range.
o Inflate and listen/look for any signs of improper seating.

12. Reinstall the wheel
o Make sure it’s aligned in the dropouts and spins freely.
o Re-engage the brake if you disconnected it.

13. Spin the wheel and do a quick test
o Make sure there’s no wobble and the brakes work properly.